Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in School Outbreaks During a A(H3N2) Subclade K (J.2.4.1)-Dominated Season in Beijing, China, 2025–26
Vaccination provided protection despite intense transmission settings
Mammary and respiratory infection of sheep with H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b viruses with milk-mediated transmission to lambs
These findings establish sheep as a viable ruminant model for H5N1 and H5N5 infection and highlight previously unidentified transmission dynamics, including milk-mediated and lamb-to-ewe spread.
Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N5) Virus
Correspondence - This report shows the importance of considering avian influenza A virus infection... even when testing for influenza virus in upper-respiratory-tract specimens is negative.
Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H5N1 influenza virus neuraminidase are shaped by immune history
Early access - Individuals likely primed in childhood with H1N1 viruses possessed higher levels of antibodies that cross-react with the NA of H5N1 viruses compared to those primed with H2N2 or H3N2 viruses.
ESWI Activity Report for 2025
Dual-route H5N1 vaccination induces systemic and mucosal immunity in murine and bovine models
Vaccine-induced immunity was consistent across species, supporting the translatability of the mouse model findings to cattle.
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus RNA in Bovine Semen, California, USA, 2024
Since March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus has infected dairy cattle in the United States, prompting concern about novel transmission routes.
Rapid expansion of genotype D1.1 A(H5N1) influenza viruses in wild birds across North America during the 2024 migratory season
Tracking the emergence and rapid spread of D1.1 viruses in wild birds during the 2024 fall migration.
